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An advantage of correlation is that:


A) it shows whether two or more variables are related.
B) firm conclusions about cause and effect can be drawn.
C) it is often useful in the first stages of a research program.
D) it provides a large amount of information on large numbers of people.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

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A controlled test of a hypothesis,in which the researcher manipulates one variable in order to discover its effect on another variable,is called a/an:


A) single-blind study.
B) control condition.
C) correlational study.
D) experiment.

E) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

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The arithmetic mean is an average that is calculated by adding up a set of quantities and dividing the sum by the total number of quantities in the set.

A) True
B) False

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With respect to assessment instruments,when test scores are consistent they are referred to as ________,whereas the term ________ means that the test scores accurately reflect what is being measured.


A) valid; reliable
B) valid; standardized
C) consistent; reliable
D) reliable; valid

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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