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Exam 6: Socioemotional Development in Early Childhood

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Question 51

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Jerome and Hani get up early on Saturday morning and decide to make "breakfast in bed" for their mother. While reaching for the bed tray in the back of the hall cabinet, they accidentally break one of their mother's favorite porcelain dolls. Jerome knows that he's going to get into "big trouble." Hani tells him not to worry because Mom would understand that it was an accident. In what stage would Jean Piaget categorize the moral reasoning of Jerome and Hani?

A) Jerome-autonomous morality; Hani-heteronomous morality
B) Jerome-heteronomous morality; Hani-autonomous morality
C) Jerome-universal law morality; Hani-context-specific morality
D) Jerome-context-specific morality; Hani-universal law morality

E) None of the above
F) All of the above

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Question 52

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Josh and Jake were wrestling and knocked over a large plant. Josh tries quickly to straighten up the plant and hide what happens, while Jake starts backing away, crying, and quickly looking around. Jake believes in _____, Josh does not.

A) immanent justice.
B) guilt and shame.
C) heteronomous justice.
D) authoritative justice.

E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

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Question 53

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Julie believes that Jason's accidental act of breaking 12 plates by dropping a box is worse than Peter intentionally breaking two plates when he was frustrated. Julie is demonstrating:

This theorist stated that the psychological stage of early childhood was "initiative versus guilt."

Poor emotion regulation, attachment problems, problems in peer relations, and other psychological problems are all associated with the consequences of:

Xavier was riding his bike when he lost his balance and crashed into a neighbor's flower garden, damaging many plants. He looked around and didn't think anyone saw him, so he left quickly. As he's riding he thinks, "Whew that was close. Glad I got away with that." Xavier is showing:

According to Freud, at which age does the child renounce the sexual attraction he or she feels toward the parent of the opposite sex because of anxious feelings?

According to Baumrind, parents who are uninvolved in their child's life, showing neither responsiveness nor control, are displaying a(n) _____ parenting style.

Are children better adjusted in intact, never-divorced families than in divorced families?

Following divorce, custodial mothers experience the loss of about _____ of their predivorce income as compared to custodial fathers who experience the loss of about _____ of their predivorce income.

Dr. Hernandez is seeing clients for family therapy today. The first couple has a "hands-off" and "let the kids figure it out" approach. They are truly involved and concerned with their children, showing a _____ parenting style. They act like a consultant to their children, and believe their children can determine what is best.

Jean Piaget and Lev Vygotsky considered play to be valuable because:

Dante is a 10-year-old who likes to play soccer during recess. One day a friend teaches him a different set of rules about the game that Dante accepts. He now plays soccer in a new way. Dante is in which stage of moral development?

Which of the following is the first stage of Piaget's theory of moral development?

The _____ theory of gender proposes that the preschool child develop a sexual attraction to the opposite-sex parent, and later adopts the characteristics of the same-sex parent.

Which of the following statements about higher-SES parents in the United States and most Western cultures is TRUE?

Describe two points made by researchers who believe that birth-order influences on child development have been emphasized too strongly.

When Carson was younger he would get very upset if his school friends didn't follow rules when playing games. Now 11 years old, Carson has learned that it is important to discuss the rules of a game before it gets started, making sure everyone agrees to whatever rules are made. Carson has moved into:

According to Erik Erikson, the psychosocial stage that characterizes early childhood is:

Stephen is learning to manage his frustration when he can't make something work the way he wants it to. He used to throw things and cry when frustrated, but now he's learning to ask for help. Stephen is developing: