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Which epoch is also called the Ice Ages?


A) Permian
B) Holocene
C) Pleistocene
D) Cretaceous

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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Layers of sediment, lava, and ash are originally laid down in a(n) ______________ position.

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The Cambrian is a(n)


A) epoch.
B) era.
C) eon.
D) period.

E) All of the above
F) A) and C)

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The span of time required for the radioactive decay of half the parent nuclei in a sample is known as the ______________.

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Starting with a sample of pure parent radionuclide, what would be the ratio of the parent radionuclide to its daughter after two half-lives have elapsed?


A) 1 to 1
B) 1 to 2
C) 1 to 3
D) 1 to 4

E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

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The oldest algal fossils are found on the continent of ______________.

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Any indication of prehistoric life preserved in rock is called


A) a shale.
B) a radionuclide.
C) a fossil.
D) none of these.

E) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

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The Shroud of Turin, the Iceman, and the Dead Sea Scrolls were dated by use of


A) Rubidium-87.
B) Potassium-40.
C) Carbon-14.
D) Uranium-238.

E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

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Lack of knowledge of the phenomenon called ______________ led Lord Kelvin to an incorrect estimate of the age of Earth.

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radioactiv...

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The organisms called ______________ were the first organisms with eyes and were wiped out at the end of the Paleozoic era.

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The earliest (oldest) period in the Paleozoic era is the ______________.

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In Europe, the combined Mississippian and Pennsylvanian periods are known as the


A) Carboniferous.
B) Devonian.
C) Pliocene.
D) Tertiary.

E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

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The hollow depression left when a shell or bone is dissolved completely out of a rock is called a(n)


A) groove.
B) hole.
C) cast.
D) mold.

E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

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The Jurassic is a(n)


A) epoch.
B) era.
C) eon.
D) period.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

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The Paleozoic era ended and the Mesozoic era began about ______________ million years ago.

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The term age of reptiles is sometimes used to refer to the ______________ era.

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Periods are divided into


A) eons.
B) epochs.
C) millennia.
D) eras.

E) B) and D)
F) All of the above

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The actual age of rock layers and geologic events is referred to as ______________ geologic time.

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absolute, ...

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The process of matching up rock layers in different localities by the use of index fossils or other means is called ______________.

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The Cenozoic era consists of the Tertiary and ______________ periods.

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