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Republican presidents have appointed _____ of the current members of the Supreme Court.


A) nine
B) six
C) five
D) three
E) two

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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From the Civil War to the 1930s, the Supreme Court was primarily occupied with


A) the civil rights of former slaves.
B) economic regulation by government.
C) the rights of the criminally accused.
D) the balance of power between states and the federal government.
E) First Amendment freedoms.

F) B) and C)
G) B) and E)

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B

The litmus test is perhaps of greatest importance in nominations to


A) constitutional courts.
B) district courts.
C) courts of appeal.
D) legislative courts.
E) the Supreme Court.

F) B) and D)
G) A) and D)

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The function of the U.S. solicitor general is to


A) approve every case the federal government presents to the Supreme Court.
B) enforce the decisions of the Supreme Court.
C) serve as the principal legal adviser, or counsel, to members of the Supreme Court.
D) maintain order in the Supreme Court's courtroom.
E) direct participants in oral argument before the Supreme Court.

F) None of the above
G) C) and E)

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Which of the following observations about the Supreme Court's law clerks is incorrect?


A) They play a big role in deciding which cases are granted certiorari.
B) They are recent law school graduates.
C) They are confirmed by the Senate.
D) Some of the opinions written by the justices are drafted by the clerks.
E) None of the above

F) C) and D)
G) All of the above

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Withdrawing some of the appellate jurisdiction of the Supreme Court would probably shift policymaking to


A) lower federal courts and state courts.
B) Congress.
C) the president.
D) state prosecutors.
E) state governors.

F) None of the above
G) B) and E)

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The political question doctrine is an important barrier to judicial power today.

A) True
B) False

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In the first seventy-five years of this country's history, the Supreme Court held only two federal laws unconstitutional.

A) True
B) False

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Which of the following significantly increases the odds that the Supreme Court will review a case?


A) Two or more federal courts of appeals have decided the same issue in different ways.
B) The highest court in a state has held a federal law in violation of the Constitution.
C) The highest court in a state has held a state law in violation of the Constitution.
D) The highest court in a state has upheld a state law against a claim that it is in violation of the Constitution.
E) All of the above

F) D) and E)
G) C) and D)

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A person cannot sue the government without its consent.

A) True
B) False

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Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg votes with a majority of Supreme Court justices on a particular case, even though her reasoning differs from the others. She may choose to express her reasons in a(n)


A) dissenting opinion.
B) concurring opinion.
C) opinion of the Court.
D) per curiam opinion.
E) plurality opinion.

F) A) and D)
G) C) and D)

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Which statement is incorrect?


A) Political liberals can be strict constructionists.
B) Political conservatives can be activists.
C) Activists amplify constitutional principles on the basis of some moral or economic philosophy.
D) Strict constructionists try to confine themselves to rules stated or clearly implied in the Constitution.
E) None of the above

F) A) and C)
G) None of the above

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The most common background or professional experience among members of the current Supreme Court is experience as a


A) attorney general.
B) state judge.
C) prosecutor.
D) defense attorney.
E) federal judge.

F) A) and B)
G) All of the above

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Among the types of written opinions issued by the Supreme Court are all of the following except


A) majority.
B) per curiam.
C) concurring.
D) dissenting.
E) mandatory.

F) A) and E)
G) A) and C)

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One measure of the policymaking role of the Supreme Court is the frequency with which it


A) supports the president.
B) supports Congress.
C) departs from stare decisis.
D) challenges interest groups.
E) upholds precedent.

F) D) and E)
G) A) and D)

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C

Laws and the U.S. Constitution are filled with vague language, which calls for frequent interpretation by the courts.

A) True
B) False

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The litigation involving four police officers accused of beating Rodney King illustrates the fact that


A) some defendants are tried in both state and federal courts.
B) some cases can be tried only in state courts.
C) civil rights cases can be tried only in federal courts.
D) one level of government can block the prosecutions of another.
E) cases cannot be appealed across the state and federal judiciary.

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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Courts do not issue _________ opinions.


A) advisory
B) diverse
C) unanimous
D) contentious
E) multiple

F) All of the above
G) A) and B)

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The Supreme Court is more likely to overturn its own precedents than it is to exercise judicial review of federal laws.

A) True
B) False

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Typically, those who complain about the litmus testing of judicial candidates are


A) in power.
B) out of power.
C) liberal.
D) conservative.
E) centrist.

F) C) and D)
G) A) and B)

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B

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