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Which of the following assertions about gender and nonverbal communication is true?


A) There are no recognizable differences in the ways men and women express themselves nonverbally.
B) Biology is responsible for gender differences in nonverbal communication.
C) Women are typically more nonverbally expressive than men.
D) The differences in gendered communication are greater than most people think.

E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

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Touching your index finger to your thumb while your other fingers point upward means "OK" in the United States, but in which country does it mean you're worth zero?


A) France
B) Japan
C) Russia
D) Turkey

E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

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Your friend Marta asks you to go clothes shopping with her. She has an important job interview coming up and wants to look her best. What advice based on research do you give her?


A) You tell Marta to buy a form-fitting dress because women who wear tight or revealing clothes are taken more seriously than those who wear more conservative styles.
B) Because women are rated more intelligent, organized, and powerful when dressed in business clothes rather than in tight-fitting clothes, you encourage Marta to buy a suit.
C) Women are expected to wear practical and comfortable clothing in most workplaces. You suggest Marta opt for a more casual look because dressing up might send the wrong message.
D) The latest fashions are designed to look good on a wide variety of body types and women of all ages, so Marta can't go wrong no matter what trendy outfit she chooses to wear.

E) A) and D)
F) All of the above

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Identify the seven types of kinesic nonverbal behaviors.

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Posture, fidgeting, ...

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Kylie, an introvert, blushed when her professor complimented her essay in class, praise that drew even more unwanted attention to herself. Her reaction illustrates which characteristic of nonverbal communication?


A) It is relational.
B) It is impossible to avoid.
C) It is essential for success.
D) It cannot be interpreted.

E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

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Katie is much better than Enrico at interpreting the nonverbal cues of their boss. What explanation might you offer for this difference, applying a historical perspective?


A) Because women have historically had less power, they have had greater incentive to read men's nonverbal cues than the other way around.
B) Higher levels of testosterone make men less sensitive to nonverbal cues.
C) Higher levels of estrogen make women more sensitive to nonverbal cues.
D) Historically, men who ignore nonverbal cues rise more quickly to positions of power in organizations.

E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

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Describe the relationships between nonverbal cues and attractiveness.

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Answers will vary but may include:
a) Mo...

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Kendrick asked Felicia to come by his apartment at 5 p.m. to study, but she didn't show up until 6 p.m. When she arrived, Kendrick gestured for her to sit on the sofa, but she headed straight for his room instead. Kendrick didn't want her in his room because he hadn't made the bed or put away his comic book collection. Felicia makes judgments about Kendrick's personality based on his room. Which of the following illustrates environment as a type of nonverbal communication?


A) Kendrick's room is messy and overrun with comic books, and Felicia makes judgments about him from her observation.
B) He was hoping to study with her in the living room, not in his room.
C) Kendrick's gesture to the sofa was ignored and this annoys him.
D) Felicia is late.

E) None of the above
F) A) and C)

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Your mother is feeling insecure about her looks after starting a new job with younger coworkers. What advice based on research do you offer to help boost her self-confidence?


A) Dress in less expensive clothing brands that won't intimidate your coworkers.
B) Remember that as people get to know and like one another, they rate each other higher in terms of physical attractiveness.
C) Get a tattoo. It will make you seem more hip and more attractive to younger coworkers.
D) Don't worry about being perceived as attractive. This won't affect how you are treated on the job.

E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

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According to _______, people tend to assume that attractive people are more confident than others and so treat them as if they actually are more confident.


A) perception checking
B) the beauty premium
C) the attraction hypothesis
D) internal biases

E) B) and D)
F) C) and D)

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Shawna is having a conversation with Darlene about her vegetable garden. As she describes the size of the tomatoes she's grown, she uses her hands to emphasize their size. She sees her friend Adam walk by, and she waves her hand at him as she continues speaking to Darlene. Darlene wants to contribute to the conversation, but Shawna takes an audible breath and continues talking. When Shawna finishes, she apologizes to Darlene for talking so long. Darlene tells Shawna that "it's no biggie," but she looks irritated. Which part of this description illustrates complementing?


A) As she describes the size of the tomatoes she's grown, she uses her hands to emphasize their size.
B) She sees her friend Adam walk by, and she waves her hand at him as she continues speaking to Darlene.
C) Darlene wants to contribute to the conversation, but Shawna takes an audible breath and continues talking.
D) Darlene tells Shawna that "It's no biggie," but she looks irritated.

E) B) and D)
F) None of the above

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Ethan simply shrugs his shoulders when his mother asks him if he'll be home Saturday night to babysit his sister. This is an example of


A) repeating.
B) substituting.
C) complementing.
D) regulating.

E) A) and C)
F) None of the above

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Fatima was uncomfortable during her trip to Japan, especially when walking on crowded sidewalks and riding in packed trains. She wasn't accustomed to being shoulder-to-shoulder and face-to-face with so many people. This scenario falls under which category of nonverbal communication?


A) Kinesics
B) Proxemics
C) Haptics
D) Chronemics

E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

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Explain how nonverbal communication is impossible to avoid.

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Answers will vary but may include:
a) Th...

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Nervous about a speech she is giving in class, Terri rubs her temples frequently when speaking. This nonverbal behavior is called a(n)


A) disfluency.
B) regulator.
C) affect blend.
D) manipulator.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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The presidents of universities often have the largest offices on campus. This is an illustration of which nonverbal contextual element?


A) Territory
B) Environment
C) Chronemics
D) Proxemics

E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

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Which of the following is an example of haptics research?


A) Numerous studies find people who smile regularly are rated more attractive than those who smile less often.
B) Researchers undertake a study to determine if there is a relationship between tardiness and students' academic performance.
C) Scientists conduct experiments to establish the average distance at which people feel their personal space is invaded.
D) Restaurant servers who lightly touch customers' hands or shoulders earn more in tips, according to researchers.

E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

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Having been lied to before, Haley tends to think most people are dishonest. According to research on deception, Haley has a


A) truth bias.
B) deception bias.
C) cynical communication style.
D) trust aversion.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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