Question 1

In the early nineteenth century, middle-class reformers were extremely concerned with the "social question," or, more specifically, the social changes arising from industrialization and urbanization. What were these changes, and how did the middle classes attempt to address them with social reforms?

Accepted Answer

Answer would ideally include the followi...

Question 2

After the revolutions of 1848, political power across most of Europe belonged to which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)   The new Communist Party
B)   The rising liberal elite
C)   The aristocracy
D)   Factory workers and their union leadersE) None of the above
F) A) and B) C

Question 3

How did British religious reformers attempt to combat religious indifference among the working classes?

Accepted Answer

A)   They pressured Parliament to pass laws requiring church attendance.
B)   They banned popular recreations on Sundays.
C)   They established Sunday schools for poor children.
D)   They created factory-based Bible study groups.E) A) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 4

The Magyar nationalist Lajos Kossuth, who founded the Protective Association in 1844, was representative of the effort to promote what ideology in eastern Europe?

Accepted Answer

A)   Communism
B)   British liberalism
C)   Conservatism
D)   ChartismE) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 5

Which candidate won the first presidential election after the French revolution of 1848?

Accepted Answer

A)   Klemens von Metternich
B)   Giuseppe Mazzini
C)   Louis Blanc
D)   Louis-Napoleon BonaparteE) C) and D)
F) A) and B) D

Question 6

This map portraying European industrialization in the middle of the nineteenth century indicates a strong geographic connection between
 ​

Accepted Answer

A)   railroads and peasant emancipation.
B)   industrialization and peasant emancipation.
C)   peasant emancipation and coal production.
D)   iron manufacture and railroads.E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 7

What caused the rapid growth of European cities in the early nineteenth century, and how did this affect the poor working classes who lived there?

Accepted Answer

Answer would ideally include the followi...

Question 8

Which of the following factors contributed to the emergence of England as the first site of the Industrial Revolution?

Accepted Answer

A)   England had a good supply of private investment capital, ready access to raw cotton from its overseas plantations, and the necessary natural resources at home.
B)   The English government invested directly in industrial factories in addition to developing an extensive social welfare system to cover employee health care costs.
C)   The British mining industry, which was the lynchpin of the industrial system, was the most advanced in Europe, with a ready supply of labor and resources.
D)   The population of England dropped steadily through the first half of the nineteenth century, meaning there were fewer mouths to feed and more jobs to go around.E) None of the above
F) A) and C) A

Question 9

What was the term used for English workers who wrecked machinery and burned mills in order to protest industrialization?

Accepted Answer

A)   Anti-industrialists
B)   Luddites
C)   Marxists
D)   TraitorsE) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 10

In addition to forming worker cooperatives and agricultural communes, Saint-Simonians were known for their outspoken views on

Accepted Answer

A)   temperance.
B)   the emancipation of women.
C)   the extension of universal manhood suffrage.
D)   Catholic emancipation.E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 11

The 1842 Treaty of Nanking forced China to permit a continuation of which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)   The slave trade
B)   The work of Christian missionaries in China
C)   The opium trade
D)   The importation of British textilesE) A) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 12

The road to German political unification in the nineteenth century began with which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)   The founding of the Confederation of the Rhine in 1806
B)   The establishment of the Zollverein in 1834
C)   The establishment of the German Confederation by the Congress of Vienna
D)   The allied defeat of Napoleon at Leipzig in 1813E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 13

What was Britain's goal in establishing a regular opium trade with China? How did this goal produce conflict with China, and how did the conflict end?

Accepted Answer

Answer would ideally include the followi...

Question 14

What nineteenth-century novelist, writing under the male pseudonym George Sand, expressed her social criticism through both her writing and her independent lifestyle?

Accepted Answer

A)   Charlotte Brontë
B)   Auguste Comte
C)   Amandine-Aurore-Lucile Dupin Dudevant
D)   Ann LambE) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 15

Pierre-Joseph Proudhon (1809-1865) , one of the most influential of the early socialists, argued in What Is Property? that property

Accepted Answer

A)   lacked Christian value.
B)   belonged to the state.
C)   created political power.
D)   was theft.E) All of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 16

How did socialist and communist ideology develop and change from the time of Saint-Simon and Owen in the early nineteenth century to that of Marx and Engels in the mid-nineteenth century?

Accepted Answer

Answer would ideally include the followi...

Question 17

Between 1800 and 1840, many European countries began to close the industrial gap with Great Britain,

Accepted Answer

A)   and most countries were able to completely close that gap by 1850 on their own initiative.
B)   but by 1850, continental Europe was still almost twenty years behind Great Britain in industrialization.
C)   thanks to Great Britain's eagerness to share its technical knowledge and industrial machinery.
D)   and by 1850, key areas like Prussia had even surpassed Great Britain in industrial production.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 18

What concerns drove middle-class social reformers to form temperance societies throughout Europe and the United States?

Accepted Answer

A)   Many advocated temperance because liquor and beer were often contaminated, as there were no government standards for food safety.
B)   Temperance advocates saw drunkenness as a sign of moral weakness and a threat to social order.
C)   Social reformers wanted to prevent election tampering whereby the votes of working-class people were bought while they were under the influence of alcohol.
D)   Reformers believed that the enormous increase in criminal activity in cities was directly linked to alcohol-based organized crime.E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 19

In the early nineteenth century, in what way did peasant households fail to conform to notions of traditional family life?

Accepted Answer

A)   Legal decisions and limited education caused a dramatic rise in illegitimate births in the countryside.
B)   Poverty forced many peasant families to send their children off to work in factories at an early age.
C)   Men frequently migrated seasonally to earn money in factories, leaving women at home to tend crops and animals.
D)   Peasant families were likely to have only one or two children, whereas middle-class families generally had a large number of offspring.E) A) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 20

Historians attribute the massive population growth of European cities in the mid-nineteenth century to

Accepted Answer

A)   a natural increase in population resulting from technology-driven advances in agricultural productivity and manufacturing.
B)   massive rural emigration, as overpopulation on the land made agriculture an unsustainable way of life for many people.
C)   the improved standard of living created by the steadier employment and shorter hours of factory work.
D)   technology-driven amenities such as police patrols, street lighting, waste disposal, and other social services.E) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

Exam 21: Industrialization and Social Ferment, 1830-1850

Correct AnswerverifiedAnswer would ideally include the followi...View AnswerShow Answer

After the revolutions of 1848, political power across most of Europe belonged to which of the following?

Correct AnswerverifiedC

How did British religious reformers attempt to combat religious indifference among the working classes?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The Magyar nationalist Lajos Kossuth, who founded the Protective Association in 1844, was representative of the effort to promote what ideology in eastern Europe?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which candidate won the first presidential election after the French revolution of 1848?

Correct AnswerverifiedD

This map portraying European industrialization in the middle of the nineteenth century indicates a strong geographic connection between ​

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What caused the rapid growth of European cities in the early nineteenth century, and how did this affect the poor working classes who lived there?

Correct AnswerverifiedAnswer would ideally include the followi...View AnswerShow Answer

Which of the following factors contributed to the emergence of England as the first site of the Industrial Revolution?

Correct AnswerverifiedA

What was the term used for English workers who wrecked machinery and burned mills in order to protest industrialization?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In addition to forming worker cooperatives and agricultural communes, Saint-Simonians were known for their outspoken views on

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The 1842 Treaty of Nanking forced China to permit a continuation of which of the following?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The road to German political unification in the nineteenth century began with which of the following?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What was Britain's goal in establishing a regular opium trade with China? How did this goal produce conflict with China, and how did the conflict end?

Correct AnswerverifiedAnswer would ideally include the followi...View AnswerShow Answer

What nineteenth-century novelist, writing under the male pseudonym George Sand, expressed her social criticism through both her writing and her independent lifestyle?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Pierre-Joseph Proudhon (1809-1865) , one of the most influential of the early socialists, argued in What Is Property? that property

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How did socialist and communist ideology develop and change from the time of Saint-Simon and Owen in the early nineteenth century to that of Marx and Engels in the mid-nineteenth century?

Correct AnswerverifiedAnswer would ideally include the followi...View AnswerShow Answer

Between 1800 and 1840, many European countries began to close the industrial gap with Great Britain,

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What concerns drove middle-class social reformers to form temperance societies throughout Europe and the United States?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the early nineteenth century, in what way did peasant households fail to conform to notions of traditional family life?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Historians attribute the massive population growth of European cities in the mid-nineteenth century to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified
Answer would ideally include the followi...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified
C

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
D

This map portraying European industrialization in the middle of the nineteenth century indicates a strong geographic connection between

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
Answer would ideally include the followi...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified
A

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
Answer would ideally include the followi...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
Answer would ideally include the followi...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified