Question 1

To developmental psychologists, the term attachment describes the intimate bond that develops between an infant and

Accepted Answer

A)   the hospital staff that deliver the baby
B)   It's siblings
C)   It's caregivers
D)   other infants the same ageE) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 2

Bowlby (1969) suggested that an infant develops an ___________of the social world based largely on their early______.

Accepted Answer

Internal working model; relationships

Question 3

According to research by Coi and colleagues (1982), children rated highest for attractiveness are most often categorised as 'most liked'

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Psychologist Arnold Buss and Geneticist Robert Plomin believed that temperament can be summarised along three dimensions of behaviour. Describe what these three dimensions are, use research to support your answer.

Accepted Answer

Psychologist Arnold Buss and Geneticist ...

Question 5

Children identified as belonging to the 'average' sociometric status group are

Accepted Answer

A)   frequently categorized as 'liked most' and rarely as 'liked least'
B)   rarely categorized as 'liked most' or 'liked least'
C)   moderately and equally likely to be 'liked most' or 'liked least'
D)   frequently categorized both as 'liked most' and 'liked least.'.E) A) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 6

Which of the following is true regarding sex differences in temperament?

Accepted Answer

A)   girls tend to score more highly on extraversion while boys score high on negative emotionality
B)   boys tend to score more highly on extraversion while girls score high on effort control
C)   boys score more highly on extraversion while girls score highly on negative emotionality
D)   girls score more highly on extraversion while boys score more highly on effort controlE) None of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 7

Which of the following results is true regarding the persistence of temperament dimensions beyond early childhood?

Accepted Answer

A)   Children who were found to be introverted at age three were equally shy in young adulthood.
B)   Impulsive children were found to develop into managers and executives at top companies.
C)   Sociable and even tempered toddlers were the most likely to seek therapy for adult behaviour problems.
D)   Children who lacked emotional control at age three tended to improve as they progressed through elementary education.E) C) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 8

Children identified as belonging to the 'neglected' sociometric status group are

Accepted Answer

A)   frequently categorized as 'liked most' and rarely as 'liked least'
B)   rarely categorized as 'liked most' or 'liked least'
C)   moderately and equally likely to be 'liked most' or 'liked least'
D)   frequently categorized both as 'liked most' and 'liked least.'E) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 9

According to research, as children become adolescent, their friendships become less intimate and supportive, with more emphasis on belonging to a large group.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

O'Brien and Bierman (1988)  asked American children and adolescents to describe the nature of friendship groups. Which of the following is NOT true of what they found

Accepted Answer

A)   Adolescents defined friendship as belonging to a group with shared values and appearance
B)   Younger participants tended to define friendship groups behaviourally
C)   Adolescents tended to define friendship groups behaviourally
D)   Younger participants defined friendships groups as those who engaged in activities togetherE) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 11

__________is the dimension of temperament that describes the extent to which an infant or child is able to focus or shift attention, plan actions constructively and inhibit inappropriate behaviour.

Accepted Answer

The answer of __________is the dimension of temperament that describes...

Question 12

Which of the following statements is true regarding the results of the longitudinal study of childcare conducted by the National Institute of Child Health and Development?

Accepted Answer

A)   High-quality day care appears to be good for very young children's cognitive-intellectual development.
B)   Children who experienced high-quality day care (but not low-quality care)  showed lower levels of math achievement test scores.
C)   High-quality day care appears to be good for very young children's social and emotional development.
D)   Day-care quality had a greater impact on cognitive development than did parenting quality.E) All of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 13

According to Bowlby (1969), infants develop an external working model of the social world

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 14

An insecure ambivalent attachment is also referred to as a

Accepted Answer

A)   type B attachment
B)   type C attachment
C)   secondary attachment
D)   type A attachmentE) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 15

Coie and Dodge (1983)  identified five categories of ______, used to examine individual differences in children's popularity.

Accepted Answer

A)   extraversion groups
B)   friendship groups
C)   sociometric status
D)   status differentiation groupsE) C) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 16

Children identified as belonging to the 'controversial' sociometric status group are

Accepted Answer

A)   frequently categorized as 'liked most' and rarely as 'liked least'
B)   rarely categorized as 'liked most' or 'liked least'
C)   moderately and equally likely to be 'liked most' or 'liked least'
D)   frequently categorized both as 'liked most' and 'liked least.'E) B) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 17

Most researchers believe that temperament is primarily a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)   phenomenon unrelated to development
B)   biologically-based phenomenon
C)   phenomenon that predicts personality traits
D)   unshared environmental influenceE) A) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 18

Eighteen-month old Ezra shows little distress when his mother leaves him with his grandmother, but also shows little interest in interacting with her when she returns. Ezra's attachment style is

Accepted Answer

A)   secure
B)   avoidant
C)   insecure-ambivalent
D)   unorganizedE) B) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 19

__________is the ability of the primary carer to detect and respond to the non-verbal cues with which the infant signals its needs.

Accepted Answer

Sensitive ...

Question 20

The importance of peer relationships increases throughout childhood. Describe the development of peer relations, and describe factors that may affect sociometric status in children, making reference to how individual differences in children's sociometric status is often measured.

Accepted Answer

The development of peer relationships is a crucial aspect of childhood as it plays a significant role in a child's social and emotional development. As children grow, the importance of peer relationships increases as they spend more time interacting with their peers in various social settings such as school, extracurricular activities, and community events.

During early childhood, children begin to form their first peer relationships through simple interactions and play. As they enter middle childhood, these relationships become more complex and important, as children start to form close friendships and social groups. By adolescence, peer relationships become even more influential as teenagers seek acceptance and validation from their peers.

Several factors can affect a child's sociometric status, which refers to their standing within a peer group. These factors include social skills, communication abilities, emotional regulation, and behavior. Children who are able to effectively communicate, show empathy, and regulate their emotions are more likely to have positive sociometric status within their peer group. On the other hand, children who struggle with these skills may experience rejection or isolation from their peers.

Individual differences in children's sociometric status are often measured using sociometric techniques such as peer nominations, peer ratings, and sociometric interviews. Peer nominations involve asking children to nominate their peers for certain characteristics or behaviors, while peer ratings involve having children rate their peers on various social attributes. Sociometric interviews are structured conversations with children to gather information about their social relationships and standing within their peer group.

In conclusion, the development of peer relationships is a critical aspect of childhood, and factors such as social skills and emotional regulation can significantly impact a child's sociometric status within their peer group. Understanding and measuring individual differences in sociometric status can help identify children who may need additional support in developing positive peer relationships.

Exam 11: Social-Emotional Development in Children

To developmental psychologists, the term attachment describes the intimate bond that develops between an infant and

Correct Answer
verified

Bowlby (1969) suggested that an infant develops an _____of the social world based largely on their early.

Correct Answer
verified
Internal working model; relationships

According to research by Coi and colleagues (1982), children rated highest for attractiveness are most often categorised as 'most liked'

Correct Answer
verified

Psychologist Arnold Buss and Geneticist Robert Plomin believed that temperament can be summarised along three dimensions of behaviour. Describe what these three dimensions are, use research to support your answer.

Correct Answer
Answered by ExamLex AI
Psychologist Arnold Buss and Geneticist ...
View Answer

Children identified as belonging to the 'average' sociometric status group are

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is true regarding sex differences in temperament?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following results is true regarding the persistence of temperament dimensions beyond early childhood?

Correct Answer
verified

Children identified as belonging to the 'neglected' sociometric status group are

Correct Answer
verified

According to research, as children become adolescent, their friendships become less intimate and supportive, with more emphasis on belonging to a large group.

Correct Answer
verified

O'Brien and Bierman (1988) asked American children and adolescents to describe the nature of friendship groups. Which of the following is NOT true of what they found

Correct Answer
verified

__________is the dimension of temperament that describes the extent to which an infant or child is able to focus or shift attention, plan actions constructively and inhibit inappropriate behaviour.

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following statements is true regarding the results of the longitudinal study of childcare conducted by the National Institute of Child Health and Development?

Correct Answer
verified

According to Bowlby (1969), infants develop an external working model of the social world

Correct Answer
verified
False

An insecure ambivalent attachment is also referred to as a

Correct Answer
verified

Coie and Dodge (1983) identified five categories of ______, used to examine individual differences in children's popularity.

Correct Answer
verified

Children identified as belonging to the 'controversial' sociometric status group are

Correct Answer
verified

Most researchers believe that temperament is primarily a(n)

Correct Answer
verified

Eighteen-month old Ezra shows little distress when his mother leaves him with his grandmother, but also shows little interest in interacting with her when she returns. Ezra's attachment style is

Correct Answer
verified

__________is the ability of the primary carer to detect and respond to the non-verbal cues with which the infant signals its needs.

Correct Answer
verified
Sensitive ...
View Answer

The importance of peer relationships increases throughout childhood. Describe the development of peer relations, and describe factors that may affect sociometric status in children, making reference to how individual differences in children's sociometric status is often measured.

Exam 11: Social-Emotional Development in Children

To developmental psychologists, the term attachment describes the intimate bond that develops between an infant and

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Bowlby (1969) suggested that an infant develops an ___________of the social world based largely on their early______.

Correct AnswerverifiedInternal working model; relationships

According to research by Coi and colleagues (1982), children rated highest for attractiveness are most often categorised as 'most liked'

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Psychologist Arnold Buss and Geneticist Robert Plomin believed that temperament can be summarised along three dimensions of behaviour. Describe what these three dimensions are, use research to support your answer.

Correct AnswerAnswered by ExamLex AIPsychologist Arnold Buss and Geneticist ...View AnswerShow Answer

Children identified as belonging to the 'average' sociometric status group are

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is true regarding sex differences in temperament?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following results is true regarding the persistence of temperament dimensions beyond early childhood?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Children identified as belonging to the 'neglected' sociometric status group are

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to research, as children become adolescent, their friendships become less intimate and supportive, with more emphasis on belonging to a large group.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

O'Brien and Bierman (1988) asked American children and adolescents to describe the nature of friendship groups. Which of the following is NOT true of what they found

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

__________is the dimension of temperament that describes the extent to which an infant or child is able to focus or shift attention, plan actions constructively and inhibit inappropriate behaviour.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements is true regarding the results of the longitudinal study of childcare conducted by the National Institute of Child Health and Development?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to Bowlby (1969), infants develop an external working model of the social world

Correct AnswerverifiedFalse

An insecure ambivalent attachment is also referred to as a

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Coie and Dodge (1983) identified five categories of ______, used to examine individual differences in children's popularity.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Children identified as belonging to the 'controversial' sociometric status group are

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Most researchers believe that temperament is primarily a(n)

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Eighteen-month old Ezra shows little distress when his mother leaves him with his grandmother, but also shows little interest in interacting with her when she returns. Ezra's attachment style is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

__________is the ability of the primary carer to detect and respond to the non-verbal cues with which the infant signals its needs.

Correct AnswerverifiedSensitive ...View AnswerShow Answer

The importance of peer relationships increases throughout childhood. Describe the development of peer relations, and describe factors that may affect sociometric status in children, making reference to how individual differences in children's sociometric status is often measured.

Correct Answer
verified

Bowlby (1969) suggested that an infant develops an _____of the social world based largely on their early.

Correct Answer
verified
Internal working model; relationships

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
Answered by ExamLex AI
Psychologist Arnold Buss and Geneticist ...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
False

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
Sensitive ...
View Answer